[Transdiagnostic approach to negative symptoms]. / Negativnye rasstroistva v ramkakh transdiagnosticheskogo podkhoda.

The article provides a review of the literature on changes in views on negative symptoms, from historical aspects to modern research (clinical, neuroimaging), allowing them to be considered within the framework of a transdiagnostic approach.

[Clinical variants and types of course of separation anxiety disorder in adults]. / Klinicheskie varianty i tipy techeniya trevozhnogo rasstroistva separatsii u vzroslykh.

OBJECTIVE: To study clinical manifestations of separation anxiety disorder (SAD) in adults with nonpsychotic mental disorders. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty outpatients over 18 years of age with SAD and comorbid non-psychotic mental disorders were assessed for diagnosis by MINI and the Structured Clinical Interview for Separation Anxiety Symptoms (SCI-SAS), the Adult Separation Anxiety Self-Report Checklist (ASA-27), HARS, the Experiences in Close Relationship Scale (ECR), the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5), the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Two clinical variants of the disorder: affective and cognitive-behavioral as well as two variants of the course: with onset in childhood and in adults are identified. Clinical variants and types differ in the spectrum of comorbidity, objects and styles of attachment, personality characteristics as well as correlations and prognosis.

[Separation anxiety disorder in adults - a new diagnostic category]. / Trevozhnoe rasstroistvo separatsii u vzroslykh - novaia diagnosticheskaia kategoriia.

Anxiety separation disorder (SAD) became the subject of increased attention of researchers in recent decades. DSM-5 and project of ICD-11 allow us to treat this disorder as an independent nosological unit without attachment to age. The review provides information on the prevalence, clinical manifestations and diagnosis of SAD in adults, summarizes information on the etiopathogenesis, relations to other psychiatric disorders, and highlights the lack of modern therapeutic approaches to SAD. The purpose of this review is to raise the level of knowledge about SAD and its new positioning in classification systems.

[Clinical and neurovisualization characteristics of apathetic depression]. / Klinicheskie i neirovizualizatsionnye kharakteristiki apaticheskoi depressii.

AIM: To study apathetic depression first diagnosed at late age and identify its relation to cognitive and social dysfunction as well as to morphological and functional changes in the brain. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty-two patients at the age above 60 years with newly diagnosed depressive episode and 15 healthy age-matched volunteers were included in the study. All patients were divided into two groups by the score on the Apathy scale (AS): >14 - depression with apathy (n=21), <14 - depression without apathy (n=11). Patients were examined using psychometric methods (HAMD, GDS, AS, SHAPS, SF-36, MoCA-test), neuroimaging (MRI scanner with a magnetic field strength of 1.5 Tesla - EXCEL ART Vantage Atlas-X, Toshiba, Japan) and statistical data analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Apathy component in clinical depression reflects a tendency towards the increase in depression severity and cognitive deterioration that results in the substantial lowering of quality of life and correlates with cerebrovascular changes, decrease in gray and white matter volume and mean cortical thickness of large hemispheres.